Pablo Ruíz Picasso ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan masu fasaha na karni na 20. barin gadon fasaha wanda ya canza hangen nesa kuma ya kalubalanci kyawawan ka'idojin zamaninsa. Ayyukansa, mai juzu'i da tsokana, yana cike da abubuwan ban mamaki da abubuwan ban sha'awa waɗanda ke bayyana abubuwan sirri na rayuwarsa da ƙirarsa. Babu shakka ya yi alamar Tarihin Fasaha kuma wani ɓangare ne na littafin tarihin da aka koya wa ɗaliban Fine Arts da filayen da suka shafi.
An faɗi abubuwa da yawa game da matsayinsa na mai zane, amma ba sosai game da wasu abubuwan na sirri ba. Saboda haka, a yau muna so mu ba ku 10 abubuwan sani game da Picasso wanda, ba tare da shakka ba, ba zai bar ku ba. Bari kanku ku yi mamakin wannan tafiya ta fannonin mawaƙin da ba ku sani ba.
Picasso: mai zane daga Malaga wanda ya canza Tarihin Art
Ga wasu sunansa baya buƙatar gabatarwa, amma wasu ƙila ba su san shi sosai ba. Idan wannan lamari ne na ku, kada ku damu, za mu gabatar da gabatarwar da ya cancanta kuma ku cancanci wannan gwanin zane:
Pablo Ruiz Picasso ƙwararren mai zane ne kuma mai sassaƙa daga Malaga wanda aka haifa a 1881.An gane shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar Cubist, Picasso ya gwada salo daban-daban a tsawon aikinsa, ciki har da surrealism da zane-zane. Ayyukansa suna da yawa kuma sun ƙunshi batutuwa iri-iri., daga hotuna da kuma har yanzu rayuwa zuwa m wakilci.
Picasso kuma ya yi ado a cikin yumbu da sassaka.. Ƙirƙirarsa da ikonsa na karya tare da tarurrukan fasaha na zamaninsa sun ba shi babban matsayi a tarihin fasaha, inda aka dauke shi daya daga cikin manyan masu fasaha na karni na 1973. Ya mutu a shekara ta XNUMX, amma gadonsa ya dawwama a matsayin babban tunani a duniyar fasahar zamani, inda ake ɗaukarsa hazaka na gaske na fasahar filastik.
Abubuwan sha'awa 10 game da Picasso waɗanda zasu ba ku mamaki
"Burial of the Count of Orgaz": aikin Picasso don girmama abokinsa ya kashe kansa.
Tare da masu zaginsa da magoya bayansa, Picasso yana da kowane nau'in masu sauraro kuma ban da bangaren fasaha nasa, ya bar mana gadon abubuwan da ke bayyana sirrin sa da fasaha. A ƙasa, mun gabatar da 10 abubuwan sani game da Picasso cewa ba ku sani ba kuma kun wuce duniyar fasaha.
1. Sunan mai tsayi sosai
An haife shi a Malaga a ranar 25 ga Oktoba, 1881, Pablo Picasso yana da jerin sunayen sunayen da suka wuce na gargajiya biyu da muka sani a yau. Duk da ban mamaki, muna shaida cewa wannan gaskiya ne: bisa ga rajistar farar hula, cikakken sunansa ya ƙunshi kalmomi ashirin da uku: Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Martyr Patricio Clito Ruiz y Picasso. Domin bisa ga al’adar zamanin, an saba yi wa jarirai baftisma da sunan kakanninsu da waliyyin ranar haihuwarsu.
2. Da alama an haife shi
Zuwan Picasso duniya yayi shuru har ungozoma tayi tunanin an haife shi har lahira.. Duk da haka, kawun nata, wanda kuma likita ne kuma a lokacin haihuwa, shi ne ya dawo da ita rayuwa ta wata hanya ta musamman. Ya kunna sigari kuma, tare da hayaƙin nicotine, ya sa jariri ya yi kuka sosai. Ta haka ne tafiyar Picasso ta fara, cikin sautin da ba a zata ba kamar nasa aikin.
3. Fuskar marubuci kuma marubucin wasan kwaikwayo
Bayan zane, Picasso kuma ya shiga cikin kalmar da aka rubuta. Su fiye da wakoki 300 da wasanni biyu, "Sha'awar da wutsiya ta ɗauka" (1941) y "'Yan matan hudu" (1948), ba da taga na musamman a cikin tunanin ku na ƙirƙira. A cikin 1906, har ma ya sadaukar da waƙa a cikin Faransanci ga abokinsa Guillaume Apollinaire, yana nuna faɗin maganganunsa na fasaha.
4. Jajircewar Siyasa
Rayuwar Picasso ta kasance da kyakkyawar sadaukarwa ta siyasa. An bayyana anti-fascist, Ya kasance mai aiki a cikin Resistance Faransa kuma ya shiga Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci a 1947. Ko da yake ya samu sabani da wasu ayyukan jam’iyyar, ya kasance mai aminci ga akidar Markisanci har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekarar 1973. Ya samu karramawa kamar lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Stalin a shekarar 1950 da lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Lenin a shekarar 1962.
5. An nada shi darakta a gidan tarihi na Prado
A cikin 1936, a lokacin Jamhuriyar Sipaniya ta biyu, an nada Picasso darektan gidan kayan tarihi na Prado. Wannan motsin, wanda aka ɗora da alamar alama, ya nuna sha'awarsa ga zane-zanen da aka nuna a can. Ko da yake Bai taba karbar mulki a hukumance ba kuma ba a taba bayyana soke zaben ba., mai hazaka daga Malaga, ko da bayan mutuwarsa a shekara ta 1973, a ka'idar ya kasance darektan wannan babban gidan kayan gargajiya, gaskiyar cewa shi da kansa ya ambata fiye da sau ɗaya.
6. Tuhumar satar Mona Lisa
Dangantakar da ke tsakanin Picasso da satar Mona Lisa a cikin 1911 ya cancanci zama mai ban sha'awa. Ya sayi mutum-mutumin da aka sace daga gidan kayan gargajiya daga Honoré Joseph Géry, wanda ya sace su. Wannan lamarin ya kai ga kama Picasso da abokinsa Guillaume Apollinaire, wanda ya haifar da rudani game da gwanin fasaha.
7. Kashe kansa wani bangare ne na rayuwarsa
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 19, Picasso ya fuskanci wani bala'i wanda ba zai iya gogewa ba.. Abokinsa, mai zane Carlos Casagemas, ya kashe kansa a Café Hippodrome a Paris. Model Laure Gargallo ta ki amincewa da ita, Casagemas ya yi ƙoƙari ya harbe ta sannan ya juya bindiga a kan kansa. Wannan taron ya yi wa Picasso alama sosai, yana jagorantar shi don kamawa a cikin ayyukansa ƙwaƙwalwar abokinsa da ya mutu da baƙin ciki na kansa, a cikin aikinsa mai ban mamaki "Binne na Count of Orgaz", wahayi daga El Greco.
8. Sweat ɗin tuƙi: alamar tawaye
Rigar rigar da Picasso ya zama wani ɓangare na salon sa. Asali wani ɓangare na kayan aikin jiragen ruwa na Brittany kuma ya zama alamar tawaye. Coco Chanel ya gabatar da shi ga duniyar fashion a cikin 1917, kuma tun daga wannan lokacin, yana da alaƙa da ƙetare. Mutane da yawa irin su Marilyn Monroe, Audrey Hepburn, Jean Paul Gaultier, Kurt Cobain da Kate Moss sun sa wannan tufafi mai ban mamaki, wanda ke nuna halin zalunci na wadanda suka zaba.
9. Guinness Record
Tasirin Picasso a duniyar fasaha ba wai kawai ana auna shi ta hanyar ƙwararrun ƙwararrunsa ba, har ma da kyakkyawan aikin sa.. Ya shiga cikin Guinness Book of Records a matsayin mafi ƙwararren mai zane a kowane lokaci. A cikin tsawon aikinsa na shekaru 75, an kiyasta cewa ya kirkiro fiye da zane-zane 13.500, kwafi 100.000, zane-zane 34.000 da sassaka 300. Christian Zervos, mai sukar fasahar fasahar Faransanci kuma edita, ya ƙididdige ayyukan 16.000 na ayyukansa, yana mai tabbatar da tasirinsa mai ban sha'awa.
10. Gwanjon tarihi
A 2015, "Matan Alger" Ya zama daya daga cikin ayyuka mafi tsada a duniya lokacin da aka sayar da shi kan dala miliyan 179. a Christie's, wanda ke nuna alamar ci gaba a tarihin fasaha. Wannan rikodin gwanjon yana ƙara wa Picasso arziƙin tarihin, yana nuna cewa gadonsa ba wai kawai na hankali da kyan gani ba ne, har da kasuwanci da kuɗi.
Matsalolin Picasso
Gano 10 Abubuwan sha'awa game da Picasso ya ba mu damar shiga cikin rayuwa mai ban sha'awa da aikin ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu fasaha na ƙarni na 20. Tun daga dogon sunansa da kuma farkon kasancewarsa na musamman, zuwa jajircewarsa na siyasa da tasirinsa a duniyar fashion, kowane fanni na Picasso yana bayyana zurfin yadudduka na kerawa, bala'i da tawaye.
Waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba wai kawai suna kwatanta iyawa da hazaka na mai zane ba, har ma da sarƙaƙƙiyar kasancewarsa.. Picasso, tare da palette ɗin sa na musamman na gogewa da gudummawar, ya kasance fitila mai ban sha'awa, yana gayyatar mu don yin la'akari da fasaha da rayuwa daga hangen nesa mara tsammani.