Alamar magana ta ƙuruciya don tsararraki da yawa, wato María Elena Walsh. Wanda ya kasance duka a kasarsa Argentina, da kuma a matakin Latin Amurka da duniya. Rayuwa mai cike da sha'awa, kiɗa, waƙoƙi da ƙari mai yawa. An ɗora wannan labarin tare da bayanai da yawa, kar a rasa duk abin da ke da alaƙa da wannan kyakkyawan mai fasaha na musamman.
Maria Elena Walsh
María Elena Walsh, an haife ta ne a garin Ramos Mejía, ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 1930. Mutuwarta ya kasance ranar 10 ga Janairu, 2011. Ta yi fice a cikin ayyukan fasaha da yawa kamar:
- Mawaƙiya
- Marubuci
- mawaƙa-mawaƙiya
- marubucin wasan kwaikwayo
- Mawaƙiya
Kasancewar ana la'akari da shi a matsayin "tatsuniya mai rai, gwarzon al'adu da rigar makamai na kusan dukkanin yara". Yin la'akari da cewa Leopoldo Brizuela, shahararren marubuci, ya nuna darajar halittarsa, yana yin sharhi game da abin da María Elena Walsh ta rubuta, wanda aka ƙarfafa shi a matsayin aikin da ke da mahimmanci a kowane lokaci bisa ga nau'insa. .
Wanne za a iya kwatanta da aikin Lewis Carrol: "Alice". Ko "Pinocchio" wanda yake aiki ne, wanda ke da alhakin canza hanyar da aka fahimta, dangantakar da ke tsakanin abin da yake waƙa da yara.
Haka nan kuma ya yi suna sosai saboda ayyukan ‘ya’yansa. Da yake ana iya bayyanuwa a cikinsu:
- Halin waƙar Manuelita kunkuru
- Littafin Mulkin Upside Down
- dailan kifki
- Monoliso
Hakazalika, shi ma an kafa shi a matsayin marubucin waƙoƙi daban-daban waɗanda suka shahara ga manya, daga cikinsu akwai, da sauransu:
- kamar cicada
- Serenade don Ƙasar Daya
- Kwari da aman wuta.
Batutuwan marubucinsa
Har ila yau, akwai adadi masu kyau Maria Elena Walsh songs. Suna haɗa shahararren littafin waƙa na Argentine wanda muke da shi, da sauransu:
- saniya mai karatu
- Wakar Titin
- masarautar juye
- Tsuntsun Pinta
- Waƙar rigakafin (ana sani da El brujito Gulubú
- Sarauniyar dankalin turawa
- Muryar biri santsi
- Waƙar shayi
- A kasar Nomeacord
- Iyalin Polillal
- shugabanni
- Zamba ga Pepe
- Lullaby ga mai mulki
- addu'a ga adalci
- waƙar yawo
Haka nan, daga cikin albam din da suka yi fice akwai:
- Wakokin da za a Kallo (1963)
- Mu Yi Wasa A Duniya (1968)
Kasancewar cewa, dangane da wurin kiɗan yara a Latin Amurka, María Elena Walsh ta yi fice tare da sauran manyan malamai kamar:
- Francisco Gabilondo Soler na Mexico
- Teresita Fernandez ta Cuba
Har ila yau, fim din na yara na zane-zane na dabba mai suna Manuelita daga shekara ta 1999. Manuel García Ferré ne ya ba da umarni, kuma an yi wahayi zuwa ga shahararren halinsa, ban da hada wasu daga cikin waƙoƙin María Elena Walsh.
Tsalle zuwa wurin jama'a
María Elena Walsh tana da shekaru 17 kacal, ta yi tsalle zuwa wurin jama'a, tare da buga rubutacciyar rubutacciyar wakar ta mai taken "Kaka da ba a gafartawa". Da yake cewa aiki ne dalili, don haka ya sami karbuwa a cikin da'irar adabi na wancan lokacin.
Kazalika da tallafin Juan Ramón Jiménez. Kasancewar shi da kansa ya gayyace ta ta zauna a Amurka, na wani lokaci.
Shi ne yanayin da kwarewa ba ta da sauƙi Maria Elena Walsh, kamar yadda ita kanta ta yi labarin a lokuta daban-daban. Duk da haka, wannan tafiya ta zama ta farko a cikin tafiye-tafiye da yawa da za su dace da abin da aka koya mata a matsayin marubuci.
Sa'an nan, a kusa da shekara ta 1948, ya zama wani ɓangare na harkar adabi na zamanin "La Plata", wanda ya taru a kusa da Ediciones del Bosque, wanda shine gidan wallafe-wallafen Raúl Amaral. A cikin wannan gidan bugawa an buga wasu daga cikin ayyukansa na wakoki.
Hakazalika, tsakanin shekarun 1951 zuwa 1963, ya ƙarfafa kafa duo tare da Leda Valladares, wanda ake kira duo Leda da María. Hakazalika, tsakanin shekarun 1985 zuwa 1989 ta hannun shugaba Raúl Alfonsín, an nada ta a matsayin mamba a Majalisar Ƙarfafa Dimokuradiyya.
Abin lura ne cewa a duk tsawon rayuwarta, María Elena Walsh ta buga jimlar albam fiye da 20. Kazalika adadin litattafai sama da 50. Daga cikin masu fasaha waɗanda suka yada littafin waƙa na María Elena Walsh, ana iya haskaka waɗannan abubuwa:
- Zupay Quartet
- Luis Aguile
- Mercedes sosa
- Jairo
- ruwan hoda zaki
- Joan Manuel Serrat
Bayan ya yi ritaya na kiɗa
Bayan ya yi ritaya daga kiɗa, ya ci gaba da rubuta labaran jarida. Kazalika da rubutun talabijin da kuma littatafan da suka yi tarihin rayuwa, kamar:
- samarin shekarun baya
- fatalwowi a wurin shakatawa
Har ila yau, a cikin rayuwarsa ya kafa ma'aurata tare da sanannen marubuci Leda Valladares. Kamar María Herminia Avellaneda wadda ta kasance darektan fim. Haka kuma tare da Sara Facio, shahararriyar mai daukar hoto a lokacin. Kasancewar ya rayu da ita, tun daga farkon shekarun 80s har zuwa rasuwarsa.
Tarihin Rayuwa
Dangane da rayuwar María Elena Walsh, an san cewa mahaifinta shi ne Mista Enrique Walsh, wanda dan asalin Ingilishi ne. Da yake shi ma'aikaci ne na kamfanin jirgin kasa New Western Railway na Buenos Aires (Ferrocarril Oeste de Buenos Aires). Haka ya kasance daga babban akawu a sashin lissafin kudi na wannan kamfani. Har ila yau, a cikin halayensa ya buga piano a hanya mai mahimmanci.
Game da kakanni, su ’yan Landan ne mai suna David da Agnes Hoare. Game da zuwanta ƙasar a cikin shekara ta 1872. Kasancewar María Elena Walsh ta ɗauki waƙoƙin reno daga shahararrun al'adun Ingilishi. Haka kuma wakokin gargajiya na yara kamar:
- Baa Baa baki rago
- Ƙarƙashin Ƙaƙwalwa
Kasancewar wadannan da mahaifinta ya rera mata a yarinta. Hakazalika, ya ɗauki gine-ginen magana waɗanda ke da halayen banza na Birtaniyya. Wanda ya dauki matsayinsa na musamman, wanda ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin karfafa aikinsa.
Game da mahaifiyarsa, sunanta Lucía Elena Monsalvo, asalinta daga Argentina. Ita diyar mahaifiyar Andalusi ce kuma mahaifin Argentina, kuma tana da 'yan'uwa 10.
Kasancewar auren mahaifinsa shine auren mahaifiyarsa na biyu. Bayan wannan aure, sun haifi 'ya'ya mata biyu, su ne 'yar'uwarta Susana da ita. Haka nan, tun farkon auren mahaifinsa, yana da ’yan’uwa huɗu.
tarbiyyar yara
An yi renonsa ne a wani babban gida da ke Ramos Mejía, a cikin Babban Buenos Aires. A ciki zaku iya jin daɗi:
- Abubuwan kulawa
- Gidan Hen
- Rose bushes
- Cats
- Lemun tsami
- Naranjos
- itacen ɓaure
Don haka a cikin wannan yanayi za ku iya jin ɓullo da ’yanci, ta fuskar ilimin gargajiya da aka koyar, a tsakiyar aji na wancan lokacin. Wannan shi ne yanayin waƙar "Fideos finos", wanda aka fi sani da "Zan gaya muku abin da ke cikin Ramos Mejía a lokacin".
Har ila yau, cewa littafinsa na farko mai suna Novios de antaño, wanda aka rubuta a cikin shekara ta 1990. Kuma wannan yana da tushen tarihin rayuwa, dukansu sun sadaukar da su don yin labarin, da kuma sake gina duk abubuwan tunawa da yaro.
María Elena Walsh Precocious Poet
María Elena Walsh ta shiga makarantar Manuel Belgrano na Fine Arts, da ke Barracas a Buenos Aires, tana ɗan shekara 12. Da yake an zaunar da shi a can. Sa'an nan kuma za ta zama abokai tare da Sara Facio, wanda daga baya zai zama fitaccen mai daukar hoto. Kuma a cikin abokin tarayya na María Elena, a cikin abin da ya kasance na ƙarshe na rayuwarta.
Kamar yadda Carmen Cordova kuma an haɗa shi a matsayin babban aboki, wanda ita ce 'yar mai sukar mai suna Cordoba Iturburu, ita kanta ta kasance mai zane-zane. Har ila yau, na Juan Carlos Distéfano, wanda zai ƙare ya zama sculptor na babban shahara a duniya.
Ana iya cewa a cikin halayenta ta kasance mai kunya da kuma tawaye. Ya kuma yi karatu da yawa a lokacin samartaka. Sannan a shekara ta 1945, lokacin yana dan shekara 15, ya buga wakarsa ta farko wacce ke cikin mujallar El Hogar. Haka al'amarin da aka sadaukar da bazara. Taken waƙar shine "Elegía" kuma ɗan makarantarta Elba Fábregas ne ya yi wannan kwatancin.
mahaifinsa ya rasu
Ya kamata a lura cewa ya kuma rubuta a cikin jaridar La Nación a wannan shekarar. Sai kuma a shekara ta 1947, sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara 17, ya sha wahala daga rasuwar mahaifinsa kuma ya buga littafinsa na farko.
Tarin wakoki ne mai taken "Kaka Ba a gafartawa", wanda ya samu lambar yabo ta wakokin Municipal na biyu. Ko da alkalan kotun suka bayar da uzuri inda suka nuna cewa ba su ba shi kyautar farko ba. Domin ya zama matashi.
Duk da haka duk da kasancewarta matashiya, wannan littafi ne na ban mamaki wanda nan da nan ya ja hankali gare ta a cikin duniyar adabin Hispanic na Amurka. A cikinta an tattara wakoki da aka rubuta tsakanin shekaru 14 zuwa 17.
Da yake suna mamaki, saboda wani m bayyana balaga da kuma saboda quite na halitta style. Inda akwai cikakkun abubuwan ganowa da wasannin waƙoƙi, kamar a cikin "Termino", inda ta bayyana kanta a matsayin "wurin da mutuwa za ta bunƙasa". Wannan littafi ya sami kyakkyawan yabo daga masu suka, har ma daga wasu manyan marubutan Hispanic na Amurka, kamar:
- Juan Ramon Jimenez
- Jorge Luis Borges
- Silvina Ocampo
- Eduardo Gonzalez Lanuza
- Pablo Neruda
María Elena Walsh Bayan ta gama makarantar sakandare
A shekara ta 1948, bayan ta kammala karatun sakandare, kuma ta sauke karatu a fannin zane-zane da zane-zane. Ya ci gaba da karɓar gayyatar da marubucin “Platero y yo” Juan Ramón Jiménez ya yi masa, ya ziyarce shi a gidansa da ke Maryland a Amurka.
Saboda haka, ya zauna a wurin na tsawon watanni shida, a shekara ta 1949. Tun da yake wannan abu ne mai wuyar gaske, ganin cewa Jiménez ya yi masa rashin tausayi, inda bai kula da shi ba. Wannan saboda bukatunsu da son zuciya. Wannan shi ne yadda María Elena Walsh da kanta ta yi bayanin abin da ya faru, bayan 'yan shekaru sun wuce, a zahiri kamar haka:
“Kowace rana sai in ƙirƙira ƙarfin hali don fuskantarta, in sake nazarin rashin muhimmanci, in rufe kaina da wani bala’i wanda a yau ya tayar mini da hankali. Na ji an bincika kuma an hukunta ni. Yawancin lokaci ina tayar da fushin mutanen da, waɗanda suka tsufa a duniya, suka riƙe kaddara ta kore a hannunsu ba su yi komai ba sai gurgunta ta.
Da niyya mai karimci, da lamiri mai kāriya, Juan Ramón ya halaka ni, kuma ba shi da ikon yin kuskure domin shi Juan Ramón ne, kuma ni ba kowa ba ne. Da sunan me za ku gafarta masa? Da sunan abin da yake da ma'anarsa, bayan gazawar dangantaka.
Maria Elena Walsh.
María Elena Walsh da Komawa zuwa Buenos Aires
Bayan ta koma Buenos Aires, kuma ta riga ta taɓa ƙarshen tsakiyar ƙarni, María Elena Walsh ta shafe lokacinta ta yawan da'irar adabi da kuma masu ilimi. Hakazalika ya sadaukar da kansa wajen rubuta kasidu a cikin littattafai da dama.
Lokacin da shekara ta 1951 ta isa, ya ci gaba da buga waƙar waƙa ta biyu mai suna "Ballads tare da Mala'ika". Kasancewa wannan littafin an buga shi a cikin irin wannan juzu'i tare da aikin "Hujjar Masoyi" na mawallafin marubuci Ángel Bonomini daidai. Ya kamata a lura cewa a lokacin shi ne saurayin María Elena.
Idan aka yi la’akari da cewa juzu’i ya kasance gabaɗaya, a cikin mene ne masoya biyu da ke musayar ra’ayoyinsu, ta hanyar bayyana ayoyin.
A wannan lokacin ne María Elena, ta ci gaba da yin wasan ballad don yin aikin ginin waka. Kasancewa iri ɗaya nau'in waƙar da aka gina, daga kiɗan da ya dace da tsarinsa. Inda yana da yuwuwa shine nunin tasirin da ke fitowa daga Jiménez.
Lokacin farin ciki da kyakkyawan fata ta María Elena Walsh
Don haka, a cikin su, za ku iya ganin misalin mawaƙin a lokacin babban farin ciki da kyakkyawan fata wanda soyayya ta jawo. Amma a lokaci guda sun ci gaba da nuna rashin gamsuwa na baya wanda zai fashe nan ba da jimawa ba.
Ana iya bayyana waɗannan motsin zuciyarmu a cikin "Ballad na lokacin bata", inda marubucin ya bayyana baƙin cikin da ya daɗe yana cin zarafin ta. Kuma cewa yanzu ta samu nutsuwa da zuwan soyayya. Kamar yadda za mu iya gani a cikin labarin:
Kamar ganyen banza
lokaci ya ɓata min
An ƙusa a itacen wani mafarki
dare da rana suna ta shawagi a kaina.
cika ni da daya
shagala nostalgia
kasa, teku, ya shiga idona
da hawaye marasa aiki suna kwarara.
María Elena Walsh ("Ballad na bata lokaci", frag., A cikin Ballads tare da Angel.)
Yanzu ya zama kamar María Elena Walsh ta fara ayyana rayuwarta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun mutane masu ban sha'awa a cikin duniyar fasaha ta Buenos Aires. Bugu da kari, ba tare da wani ya lura da ita ba, ta ji an shake ta. Duka saboda zalunci irin na iyali, da kuma na zamantakewa, dangane da jima'i wanda ko da yaushe ya keɓe shi sosai.
Saboda hassada da cin amana kanana ko babba da aka saka a duniyar al'adu. Bugu da ƙari, saboda yanayin siyasa wanda ya bambanta tsakanin Peronism da anti-Peronism, wanda shine halin da ta ji an gano shi.
Leda da Maria Elena Walsh
Dangane da ƙungiyar fasaha da tasiri waɗanda aka ƙaddamar tsakanin María Elena Walsh da Leda Valladares, an fara ne a cikin shekara ta 1951, wanda ta hanyar haruffa. Tun a lokacin yana ɗan shekara 21, wato, ya ƙaru da Valladares shekara goma sha ɗaya.
Ta kasance mai zanen asalin Tucuman, kuma tana da alaƙa da labarun yau da kullun daga Arewa maso Yamma. Haka nan, ita 'yar'uwar masanin tarihin almara ce mai suna Chivo Valladares. Kuma ta kasance daya daga cikin mata na farko da suka kammala karatu a Jami'ar Kasa ta Tucumán.
Ya kamata a lura cewa Leda tana zama a Costa Rica kuma ta ci gaba da gayyatar María Elena don ta sadu da ita a Panama. Domin tare mu tafi Turai. Wannan gayyata ce da ta samu karbuwa, ta yi watsi da danginta da dukkan mahallinta na hankali. Domin fara hanyar ku zuwa gwajin ku.
Sa'an nan na shekara ta 1952, an shigar da su biyu a Paris. Kuma sun fara fassara waƙoƙin jama'a na al'adar baka, daidai da yankin Andean na Argentina. Daga ciki akwai:
- carnival
- Baguala
- vidalas
Albums na farko
Bayan yin bayyanuwa suna rera waƙa a wuraren shakatawa da wuraren shakatawa na dare, wannan duo ya sami damar yin kwangila a sanannen Crazy Horse cabaret. Don haka a babban birnin Faransa, sun ci gaba da yin hulɗa da wasu masu fasaha irin su Violeta Parra, 'yar ƙasar Chile. Kamar yadda yake tare da American Blossom Dearie. Kuma wannan shine yadda suka yi rikodin albam ɗin su na farko:
- Chants d'Argentine - Waƙoƙin Argentina shekara ta 1954
- Sous le ciel de l'Argentine - Ƙarƙashin sararin samaniyar Argentina 1955
Hakazalika, sun rera jigogi na al'adar baka da ta dace da tatsuniyar Andean Argentine, kamar:
- popcorn biyu
- huachi tori
Amma haka nan akwai wakoki na Atahualpa Yupanqui, wanda ya kasance a birnin Paris a lokacin, kamar "La Arribeña". Kamar Jaime Dávalos kamar "El huamahuaqueño". Kuma kuma ta Rafael Rossi a matsayin Viva Jujuy. Ban da Rolando Valladares wanda ya kasance ɗan'uwan Leda.
Daga Paris zuwa Argentina baya
Komawa zuwa Argentina ya faru ne a cikin shekara ta 1956. Leda da María sun ci gaba da gudanar da wani balaguron balaguron balaguro, a ko'ina cikin Arewa maso yammacin Argentina inda suka sami damar tattara jerin waƙoƙi. Za a yi rikodin su daga baya, a cikin albam na farko da za su yi a ƙasarsu, a cikin shekara ta 1957. Kasancewa iri ɗaya:
- Tsakanin kwaruruka da kwaruruka Vol. 1
- Tsakanin kwaruruka da kwaruruka Vol. 2
Kasancewar yawancin waɗannan jigogin kiɗa za a ci gaba da shigar da su a cikin littafin waƙar jama'a. Babu shakka, albam biyun sun sami kyakkyawar tarba a cikin gungun masana da masu fasaha, kamar, da sauransu:
- Kuchi Leguizamon
- Manuel J. Castile
- Victoria ocampo
- Atahualpa Yupanqui
- Maria Herminia Avellaneda
Kasancewa cewa karshen ya jagoranci wannan duo na María Elena da Leda zuwa gabatarwa a talabijin, ta hanyar tashar 7. Duk da haka. A wannan lokacin ne aka fara samun bambance-bambance a tsakanin su biyun, wanda hakan zai kai su ga rabuwa, a cikin bayanan da suka dace.
Yin la'akari da cewa, yayin da Leda Valladares ya ba da tabbacin 'yan asalin asali da kuma tatsuniyoyi masu tsabta, tare da la'akari da ma'anar halitta wanda ba a san shi ba. Sa'an nan María Elena Walsh ta ci gaba da karkata zuwa ga ƙirƙirar maganganun da suka kasance sabo.
Ɗaukar abincin su daga tushen al'adun gargajiya, amma ba tare da an taƙaita su ba. Don haka an jagorance su da abin da ya kasance dabi'un adalci na zamantakewa, kamar mata da kuma zaman lafiya.
Sakin albam na biyar
Sannan a shekara ta 1958 sun ci gaba da fitar da albam dinsu na biyar, mai suna "Canciones del tiempo de Maricastaña". Kasancewa cewa waƙoƙin daga tarihin tarihin Mutanen Espanya, suna wakilta da take mai wasa. Kazalika na yau da kullun, da kuma ci gaba da tsammanin abubuwan da suka kasance sababbi kuma suna haɓakawa a cikin duo.
Tunda wannan kundin ya ƙunshi jigogin kiɗa, kamar:
- El Tururururú – Laifin ku ne
- yaya muke
- Romance na soyayya da mutuwa
Har ila yau, a lokaci guda María Elena Walsh ta ci gaba da buga littafinta na wakoki na uku, mai suna "Kusan Mu'ujiza". Hakanan, a shekara mai zuwa Leda da María sun ci gaba da sakin LP ɗinsu mai taken "Leda y María cantan Kirsimeti carols". Kasancewar an hada wakokin Kirsimeti guda hudu a ciki, wadanda ba a san sunansu ba. Waɗanda suka zo daga arewacin Argentina, ɗaya daga Bolivia da biyu daga Spain.
Dangane da murfin kundin, hoto ne na ƙaramin yaro wanda yake murmushi, yayin da yake kallon zanen da ya dace da Santa Claus, wanda ke bayyana a karon farko, a cikin jigon yanke yara.
Mafarkin Sarki Bombo, Tutu Marambá, Waƙoƙin kallo da Duniyar Yara
Ya kamata a ambaci cewa yayin da yake a birnin Paris, ya sadaukar da kansa don fara wakoki, da kuma waƙoƙi da halayen yara. Da yake an nuna su ne kawai ga Leda Valladares.
Sa'an nan kuma, a cikin 1956, 'yan wasan biyu sun ci nasara a gasar inda za su sami damar yin waƙa a cikin Edith Piaf show, wanda zai faru a Olympia Theater a Paris. Sai dai daga karshe shahararren mawakin ya cire su. Kasancewa wannan a fili saboda dalilai, wanda ya fito daga tsarin motsin rai. Don haka su biyun suka yanke shawarar sake komawa Buenos Aires.
Don haka, an kai shekara ta 1958, inda aka ba María Elena Walsh damar rubuta rubutun talabijin don shirye-shiryen yara. Wannan ya fito ne daga María Herminia Avellaneda. Daga cikin su, ana iya haskaka shirin Barka da Safiya Pinky.
Ya kasance tare da Pinky - Lidia Satragno da Osvaldo Pacheco, wanda ya taka rawa a matsayin kakan. Duk da haka, tsawon lokacin da shirin ya kasance watanni uku kawai, amma nasarar da aka samu ya kasance mai ban mamaki.
Kasancewa wannan ya ba shi lambobin yabo biyu na Martín Fierro, a matsayin mafi kyawun shirin yara da wahayin maza ga Osvaldo Pachecho. Kazalika lambar yabo ta Argentores ga María Elena Walsh da kanta, wanda aka ba ta a cikin 1965 a matsayin marubucin allo.
Sa'an nan kuma, daga wannan kwarewa, ya sami tsarin balagagge game da yiwuwar ƙirƙirar nau'in nau'i, wanda zai zama kama da "Cabaret ga yara maza" ko "Varieté ga yara". Kasancewar hakan zai kawo sauyi a duniyar nishadantarwa, da kuma al'adun gargajiya da na yara.
Farkon mafarkin Sarki Bombo
Ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, 1959, a Teatro Auditorium a Mar del Plata, an gudanar da wasan farko na "Los Sueños del Rey Bombo". Kasancewa wannan ta wurin Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Yara na Roberto Aulés. Sannan ga watan Maris na wannan shekarar, wannan aikin na Teatro Presidente Alvear da ke Buenos Aires. Sa'an nan kuma a cikin shekara ta 1962 an maye gurbinsa a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Comic.
Ya kamata a lura cewa ainihin rubutun aikin ya ɓace. Kuma wannan takarda kawai da ta tsira, ta zama waƙoƙin 8 da Ricordi ya gyara, duka na murya da piano. Haka kuma an kafa “Tafiyar Sarkin Bombo” da kuma “El gato Confite” a matsayin wani ɓangare na littafin Tutú Marambá, wanda ya ke da ranar buga shi a shekara ta 1960.
Hakazalika, littafin “Tutú Marambá” ya haɗa da wasu matani da suka dace da nunin Rey Bombo. Kamar misali "Tringuiti Tranguiti". Har ila yau, "The Seller of Dreams", ban da "The Witch Eulalia".
María Elena Walsh da A Juya Salo
Sa'an nan, lokacin da shekara ta 1960 ta isa, Leda da María sun nuna juzu'i mai mahimmanci, dangane da salon su na rikodin LP "Canciones de Tutú Marambá", inda suke fassara jigogi na kiɗa na yara da María Elena ta rubuta. Walsh for madaidaicin rubutun na talabijin. A can ne suka haɗa da waƙoƙi huɗu na farko, waɗanda za su ba María Elena Walsh shahara ta fuskar kiɗan yara, waɗanda su ne:
- saniya mai karatu
- wakar masunta
- The Reverse Kingdom
- Wakar Titin
Na gaba, nuni na gaba na nau'in kiɗan ban mamaki da ke nufin yara shine "Waƙoƙi don kallo". A wannan yanayin an shirya shi da ƙaramin kasafin kuɗi. Kasancewar gabatarwa a zauren Casacuberta wanda ke na Babban Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na San Martín Municipal, a cikin birnin Buenos Aires. Wanda ya faru a shekara ta 1962.
Kasancewar lamarin da ba zato ba tsammani ya nuna, ya yi nasarar samun gagarumar nasara, wanda ya sa aka shirya shirye-shiryen gabatar da wani sabon shiri na shekarar 1963. Sa'an nan, ya ci gaba da zama daya daga cikin al'amuran al'adu, mafi mahimmanci a cikin tarihin al'adun Argentina.
Abubuwan da ke cikin aikin
María Elena Walsh ta tsara wannan aikin daga jigogi na kida goma sha biyu. Da yake Leda da María ne suka fassara su, waɗanda suke sanye da rigunan ƙarfe. Kazalika da ƴan wasan kwaikwayo Alberto Fernández de la Rosa da Laura Saniez, su ne ke da alhakin yin mimic wakilcin:
- Iyalin Asu
- The Reverse Kingdom
- Milonga Baker
- saniya mai karatu
- La Pajara Pinta
- wakar atishawa
- wakar lambu
- biri Jacinta
- waƙar rigakafin
- Wakar Titin
- waƙar yin ado
- Da Wakar Kamun kifi
Lamarin ya faru ne cewa, tsakanin tazarar da ke daidai da waƙoƙin, wasu haruffa guda biyu waɗanda suke Agapito da Uwargidan Morón Danga, sun ci gaba da faɗin monologues masu ban dariya.
Don haka, wani tsari ne na ban mamaki wanda Leda da Maria suka ɗauka daga ƙwarewar Dokin Hauka, wanda suka haɗa da ban dariya. Hakazalika tare da kade-kade na gargajiya, da rashin kulawa da masu sauraron yara.
Gabatarwar ƙarshe na Leda da Mariya
Daga baya, gabatarwa na ƙarshe na Leda da María shine Doña Disparate da Bambuco. Kasancewar sabon shirin yana da kasafin kuɗi wanda ya fi girma. Dangane da shugabanci, ita ce ke kula da María Herminia Avellaneda. Kuma game da babban aikin, an ƙidaya shi kamar:
- Lydia Lamaison a matsayin Banza
- Osvaldo Pacheco a matsayin Bambuca
- Theresa Blasco
- Pepe Soriano
Wanda ya gabatar da haruffa na biyu da yawa da kuma ban mamaki. Biri mai laushi kuma yana da bayyanarsa a cikin wannan aikin, da kuma kunkuru Manuelita. Kasancewa mafi kyawun halayen halayen, ban da mafi kyawun sanannun a sararin samaniyar yara, wanda María Elena Walsh ta kirkira.
Abin lura ne cewa wannan aikin ya kasance kama da yanayin mafarki na aikin Alice a Wonderland. Bugu da kari, da cewa daga baya version aka yi a talabijin, wanda aka starring Perla Santalla da Walter Vidarte.
Canje-canje a cikin aikin na 1990
Daga baya don shekara ta 1990, an maye gurbin wannan aikin, yanzu a ƙarƙashin jagorancin José María Paolantonio, kuma simintin sa ya ƙunshi:
- Georgina Barbarossa
- Adrian Julia
- Gustavo Monk
- Deborah Kepel
- Ivana Padula
- George Louis Freire
Kasancewar an yi waɗannan daga 1990 zuwa 1992, yanayi uku. Daga cikin maganganun masu suka, Leopoldo Brizuela ya yi fice, wanda ya nuna cewa:
"Bisa ga tambayoyin da aka yi a lokacin, Walsh ya yi la'akari da Doña Disparate a matsayin parodic incarnation na hankali, yayin da Bambuco shine "mutum na yara".
Amma, mafi zurfi, duka biyu suna wakiltar mutum biyu na Walsh: mai tsauri, soyayya da kuma ɗan ƙaramin magana game da Autumn da ba a gafartawa ba, da yarinya, sanannen, kuma ɗan ƙaramin sanyi na Tutú Maramba. Su biyun sun fita zuwa duel, ba su taɓa yin galaba a kan juna ba kuma koyaushe ana sake haifuwa a cikin ƙaramar wutar barkwanci, a cikin ƙarfin hali na ƙirƙira.
Leopold Brizuela ne adam wata
Rabuwar Leda da María Elena Walsh
A wannan lokacin, Leda da Maria sun yanke shawarar ci gaba da bin hanyoyi daban-daban. Don haka kafin rabuwa ta faru a cikin 1963, sun ci gaba da yin rikodin abin da zai zama EP na ƙarshe. Sannan taken shine "Kirsimeti ga yara maza". Kasancewar haka ya ci gaba da tattara waƙoƙin Kirsimeti huɗu, duk marubucin María Elena Walsh. Tunawa da cewa su biyun suna yin waƙoƙin tare da Roberto Aulés.
Sai kuma “Wakokin da za a kalla”, aka buga littattafai guda biyar musamman na yara, kuma su ne:
- Shekarar Mulkin Upside Down - 1964
- Crazy Zoo - shekara ta 1964
- Dailan Kifki - shekara ta 1966
- Tatsuniyoyi na Gulubú - shekara ta 1966
- Kuma Waje - shekara ta 1967
Kasancewa iri ɗaya ƙarfafa sararin samaniyar yara, wanda María Elena Walsh ta gina a cikin wannan shekaru goma. Kuma cewa ba tare da wata shakka ba ya kasance mai kula da yin alama a hanya mai mahimmanci, abin da ke da alaka da samuwar al'adun al'adun da suka biyo baya a Argentina.
Haka nan, a shekarar 1965, ya buga wakoki na hudu na manya, mai suna "Hecho a mano".
Mu yi wasa a duniya da wakokin manya
Lokacin da shekara ta 1968 ta isa, an fara fara baje kolin jigogin kiɗa na manya mai taken "Mu yi wasa a duniya". Kasancewar an ƙarfafa shi azaman taron al'adu, wanda zai sami tasiri mai ƙarfi sosai, a cikin menene sabuwar waƙar shahararriyar Argentine.
Abu daya da aka tsara daga hanyoyi daban-daban. Irin su, Harkar Sabon Littafin Waka - Mawaƙa ne ke jagorantar su, daga cikinsu akwai Mercedes Sosa da Armando Tejada Gómez.
Hakanan, waccan tatsuniyar murya, wacce ke haɓaka ƙungiyoyi waɗanda a cikinsu akwai Huanca Hua da Cuarteto Zupay. Har ila yau, tango na zamani wanda ke da Astor Piazzolla da "Balada para un loco", a matsayin cibiyarta. Da yake cewa shekara ta gaba ya hada tare da Horacio Ferrer.
Hakazalika waƙoƙin Nacha Guevara da Alberto Favero, wanda za a fara nunawa a cikin shekara ta gaba a cikin "Anastasia querida".
Don haka, kamar yadda María Elena Walsh ta yi tare da waƙoƙin 'ya'yanta, ta nuna a cikin "Juguemos en el mundo", salon da ke da alaƙa da abun da ke ciki, wanda ke da alaƙa da 'yancin ɗan adam, da kuma jigo.
Hakazalika wakokinsu sun kasance masu kula da ba da rai ga waƙoƙin zamani, waɗanda suka sami kwarin gwiwa daga maɓuɓɓugar kiɗa daban-daban. Wannan yana daga tatsuniyoyi zuwa tango, da kuma daga jazz zuwa rock.
Kalmomin wakokinsu
Waƙoƙinsa suna da alhakin ba da gudummawar jigogi da yawa ga abin da yake waƙar zanga-zangar a cikin Latin Amurka. Da yake yana da bunƙasa a waɗannan shekarun, kamar jigogi "Masu zartarwa" da ¿Iblis kai ne?
Duk da haka, akwai kuma gabatarwar jigogi, waɗanda a zahiri ba su kasance daga abin da yake littafin waƙoƙin Argentine ba. Irin su ƙaura a cikin taken "Zamba de Pepe", wanda aka sadaukar ga mai daukar hoto Pepe Fernández. Kazalika Peronism tare da 45. Ko kuma jin daɗin zamantakewar da ke cikin azuzuwan tsakiyar, tare da taken "Mirón y Miranda".
Hakazalika, an haɗa "Serenade for one's land" a cikin wasan kwaikwayo. Da yake ana ɗaukarsa ɗaya daga cikin fitattun jigogi na kiɗa, wanda ke iyaka da waƙar zanga-zangar, ba tare da kasancewa haka ba. Wanda aka gina shi a matsayin waƙar soyayya ga ƙasarsa. Kamar wanda ya fi shi masoyi, kamar yadda yake cewa:
"Saboda yana min zafi idan na tsaya,
amma ina mutu idan na tafi
da komai kuma duk da komai
masoyina ina son rayuwa a cikinki”.
Maria Elena Walsh da Wani Album
A yayin wannan nunin, an kuma fitar da wani sabon kundi. Tana da take iri ɗaya "Bari Mu Yi Wasa A Duniya". Kasancewar na karshen ya sami nasarar cimma nasara mai ban mamaki. Don haka a shekara mai zuwa, an samar da Juguemos en el mundo II.
Sa'an nan María Herminia Avellaneda a cikin shekara ta 1971, ta ci gaba da yin jagorancin da ya dace da fim din "Bari mu yi wasa a duniya", kasancewar Doña Disparate da Bambuco sun sake bayyana a can, wanda Perla Santaella da Jorge Mayol suka wakilta. Samun rakiya:
- Hugo Caprera
- Eduardo Bergara-Leuman
- Lake Virginia
- George Light
- Aida Light
- da gaskiya
- Norman Briski
Hakazalika a wannan shekarar, an kaddamar da shi a Buenos Aires, na kasar Sin Zorrilla da Carlos Perciavalle, sigar da ta yi daidai da "Wakokin da za a duba" da aka yi a 1966 a New York da kuma a Montevideo. .
Kindergarten El País da sabbin waƙoƙinsa da tunani
Gano kansa ya shake, domin an sanya takunkumi mai karfi daga mulkin kama-karya na soja. A cikin watan Yuli na 1978, lokacin da gasar cin kofin duniya ke ci gaba da gudana, ya yanke shawarar "ba za a ci gaba da tsarawa ba, kuma ba za a sake yin waƙa a fili ba". Kasancewar wannan abin ban mamaki, akwai wakokinsa da dama da suka zama alamar gwagwarmaya, ga wadanda suka inganta dimokuradiyya.
Haka lamarin yake, misali:
- kamar cicada
- Lullaby ga mai mulki
- Addu'ar Adalci
- waƙar yawo
- Ballad na Commodus Viscach
- Katin yaki ko kuma sigar sa ta Zamu ci nasara - Venceremos
- Tattakin gargajiya na ƙungiyoyin kare haƙƙin jama'a a Amurka.
Bayan haka, lokacin da shekara ta gaba ta zo, a ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1978, María Elena Walsh ta buga labarin mai suna "Misadventures in Paris" a cikin ƙarin al'adun da jaridar Clarín. Kinder Garden ta inganta. Da yake cewa, tare da wannan take, ya ci gaba da ɗaukarsa don sake ba da lakabin littafi a shekara ta 1993.
Da yake la'akarin cewa kalmomin nasa sun kasance a zahiri:
Mun daɗe kamar yara kuma ba za mu iya faɗin abin da muke tunani ko tunaninmu ba. Lokacin da tacewa ya bace, domin wata rana zai mutu a rushe ta hanyar babbar hanya!, za mu kasance a banza kuma ba tare da sanin abin da za mu ce ba.
Za mu manta da yadda, a ina da kuma lokacin da za mu zauna a cikin wani fili kamar tsohuwar ma'aurata a zane na Quino waɗanda suka yi mamaki: "Mene ne mu...?"
Maria Elena Walsh
Hakazalika, a shekara ta 1991, lokacin da Carlos Menem ya zama shugaban ƙasar Argentina, ana muhawara kan yiwuwar aiwatar da hukuncin kisa a ƙasar. Don haka, game da wannan batu, María Elena Walsh ta yi tunani mai zuwa:
"Tun cikin tarihi, ƙwararrun mutane ko kuma masu zalunci sun san tabbas laifin da ya cancanci hukuncin kisa. A koyaushe sun san cewa ni ne ke da laifi, ba wani ba. Ba su taɓa shakkar cewa hukuncin abin koyi ne ba. A duk lokacin da aka yi ishara da wannan darasi, Dan-adam yakan koma ta kowane hudu.”3
Maria Elena Walsh
An buga shi a Clarín (Buenos Aires), Satumba 12, 1991.
Ba tare da shakka ba, a matsayinsa na marubuci, sakamakonsa a cikin labarin "La eñe mutane ma" yana da mahimmanci. Tun da ya fito don kare amfani da intanet na wasiƙar da aka ce, tare da halaye masu yawa musamman a cikin harshen Mutanen Espanya, don haka ya yi tunani mai zuwa:
Kada mu bari a kwace kanmu daga eñe! Mun riga mun goge alamun tambaya da alamun tashin hankali. Sun riga sun rage mu zuwa apocope [...] Bari mu ci gaba da zama masu mallakar wani abu da ke namu, wasiƙar da ke da hula, wani abu kadan, amma ƙasa da sappy fiye da yadda ake gani [...]
Rayuwar wannan wasiƙar ta shafe mu, ba tare da bambancin jima'i, akida ko shirye-shiryen software ba. Mu yi yaƙi don kada mu ƙara mai a cikin wuta inda ake muhawarar alamar nuna wariya [...] The eñe kuma mutane ne.22
María Elena Walsh, jarida La Nación (Buenos Aires), 1996.
Dimokuradiyya, yarda da littattafai
Lokacin da dimokuradiyya ta koma Argentina, ya sadaukar da kansa wajen gudanar da wani shiri na aikin jarida, wanda ake watsawa a gidan talabijin a kullum. Shi da kansa ya yi shi tare da Herminia Avellaneda da kuma mawaƙin Tango Susana Rinaldi.
Kasancewa iri ɗaya da ake kira "Como la cicada", wanda ya yi nuni kai tsaye ga waƙar ta María Elena Walsh. Wannan ta wata hanya ta musamman, ya sami babban tasiri a tsakanin mawakan da mulkin kama-karya ya yi gudun hijira, kamar yadda lamarin ya faru na Mercedes Sosa.
Sa'an nan, in ji shirin ya zama fili mai cike da tunani kuma ya tayar da batutuwa da dama, wadanda ba a saba gani ba a wancan lokacin a talabijin.
Lokacin da shekara ta 1985 ta zo, ta karɓi alƙawari a matsayin ɗan ƙasa mai ban sha'awa na birnin Buenos Aires sannan a cikin 1990, an ba ta Doctor Honoris Causa, daidai da Jami'ar Ƙasa ta Cordoba. Kazalika, na Babban Halayyar Lardin Buenos Aires.
Lokacin da shekara ta 1994 ta zo, an bayyana cikakken tarihin dukan waƙoƙinsa na yara da manya. Daga baya, a cikin 1997, “Manuelita, ina za ku? Lokacin da 2000 ya zo, ya kuma sami lambar yabo ta SADE Grand Prize of Honor. Kamar dai yadda aka ba shi lambar yabo ta Platinum Konex a cikin 1981 a cikin horon Yara. Hakazalika, a shekarar 1994 an ba da kyautar a fannin adabin yara.
Lokacin da shekarar 2014 ta zo, an sake ba ta lambar yabo ta Konex de Honor. An ba shi wannan kyauta bayan mutuwarsa, kuma an dauke shi mafi mahimmanci a cikin haruffan Argentine.
Hakazalika, a wannan shekarar, ta gidan wallafe-wallafen Alfaguara, an buga wani littafi mai suna "Wakokin Waqoqin y", wanda ya yi daidai da ayyukansa na kade-kade. Da kuma ga fitattun wakokinsa.
Mutuwa
María Elena Walsh a zahiri ta daina wanzuwa a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 2011, lokacin tana da shekara 80. Haka abin ya faru a Trinidad Sanatorium, bayan shafe tsawon lokaci na asibiti.
Ya mutu a hannuna. Da daddare na wuce don daidaita kansa. Ta ce da ni: "My love, ga mu." Ya matse hannuna yana kuka. Sai nace mata dole ta huta, muna tare da ita. Mun kasance ƙaramin rukuni. Sara da wasu 'yan mata uku. Ta kira mu kwamitin karara.
Washegari ya tashi ba lafiya. Likitan ya zo ya ce da ni: "Ya tafi." Haka na tsaya ina rike da hannunta. Na shirya Sara ta tafi studio kuma in kira daya daga cikin 'yan matan na kwamitin koli don sanar da ita. A ƙarshe, da komai ya faru, Sara ta zo, na ce mata: "Ba za ku shiga ba ko?" Ina so ya kiyaye siffar María Elena a farke.
Mariana Facio, yayar Sara Facio (abokiyar Walsh)
Wake da haraji
Don haka an lullube gawarsa, a babban hedkwatar SADAIC kuma an yi jana'izarsa a cikin ma'auni na mahallin da ke cikin makabartar Chacarita. Daga nan sai mawaƙin Argentine Eduardo Falú, ya ci gaba da sadaukar da wasu kalmomi don ya kore ta.
Hayaniyar da mutuwarsa ta haifar a duk yanayin fasaha yana da girma. Kasancewar akwai mashahuran mutane da dama, wadanda suka mika ta’aziyyarsu ta kafafen yada labarai da yada labarai a kasar. Kasancewa da cewa ta duk labaran iska da kuma na USB.
Kamar gidajen rediyo da kuma jaridu, har ma da gidan yanar gizon kulob din Ferro Carril Oeste, wanda shi ne kulob din da María Elena Walsh ya fi so, ya yi fice a cikin ɗayan labaransa na kan layi kuma ya yi masa baftisma da sunan Plaza na wasanni.
Tarin Kiɗa
Na gaba, na raba tare da ku tarin jigogi na kida ta shahararriyar María Elena Walsh. Kasancewar ana iya jin daɗinsu a kowane zamani.
Domin kuwa wannan mai zanen a koyaushe tana sanya mahalarta duniyar sihiri tare da kyawawan waƙoƙinta, ga duk waɗanda suka saurare su. Bari a cikin kowace waƙa saƙonsa na soyayya da 'yanci, don neman ingantacciyar ɗan adam, don haka don kyakkyawar duniya. Yi farin ciki da wannan ƙaramin girmamawa ga wannan babban mai zane.
kamar cicada
an gayyace mu
Wakar Wasika
dangin asu
Manuelita Kunkuru
The Reverse Kingdom
Idan kun kasance daya daga cikin mutanen da suke son karatu, wallafe-wallafen da kuma saduwa da wakilai masu mahimmanci na fasaha, to, wannan shine wuri mafi kyau a gare ku, kamar yadda aka halicce shi don ku sami duk abin da kuke bukata a wuri guda. Don haka, ina gayyatar ku don yin yawo cikin labaranmu, tsammanin za su yi amfani sosai a cikin abin da kuke nema. Domin ku cika kanku da ilimi da mafi kyawun bayanai, a yanzu ina gayyatar ku zuwa: